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PCRE Functions
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# preg_match

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

preg_match — Perform a regular expression match

### Description

int preg_match ( string `$pattern` , string `$subject` [, array `&$matches` [, int `$flags` [, int `$offset` ]]] )

Searches `subject` for a match to the regular expression given in `pattern` .

### Parameters

`pattern`

  The pattern to search for, as a string.

`subject`

  The input string.

`matches`

  If `matches` is provided, then it is filled with the results of search. $matches[0] will contain the text that matched the full pattern, $matches[1] will have the text that matched the first captured parenthesized subpattern, and so on.

`flags`

  `flags` can be the following flag:

  `PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE`
    If this flag is passed, for every occurring match the appendant string offset will also be returned. Note that this changes the return value in an array where every element is an array consisting of the matched string at index 0 and its string offset into `subject` at index 1.
`offset`

  Normally, the search starts from the beginning of the subject string. The optional parameter `offset` can be used to specify the alternate place from which to start the search (in bytes).

  > Note: Using `offset` is not equivalent to passing substr($subject, $offset) to preg_match() in place of the subject string, because `pattern` can contain assertions such as ^, $ or (?<=x). Compare:

  > `<?php
  > $subject = "abcdef";
  > $pattern = '/^def/';
  > preg_match($pattern, $subject, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE, 3);
  > print_r($matches);
  > ?>`

  > The above example will output:

  >     Array
  >     (
  >     )

  > while this example

  > `<?php
  > $subject = "abcdef";
  > $pattern = '/^def/';
  > preg_match($pattern, substr($subject,3), $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE);
  > print_r($matches);
  > ?>`

  > will produce

  >     Array
  >     (
  >         [0] => Array
  >             (
  >                 [0] => def
  >                 [1] => 0
  >             )

  >     )

### Return Values

preg_match() returns the number of times `pattern` matches. That will be either 0 times (no match) or 1 time because preg_match() will stop searching after the first match. preg_match_all() on the contrary will continue until it reaches the end of `subject` . preg_match() returns `FALSE` if an error occurred.

### ChangeLog

Version | Description
--- | ---
4.3.3 | The `offset` parameter was added
4.3.0 | The `PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE` flag was added
4.3.0 | The `flags` parameter was added

### Examples

Example#1 Find the string of text "php"

`<?php
// The "i" after the pattern delimiter indicates a case-insensitive search
if (preg_match("/php/i", "PHP is the web scripting language of choice.")) {
echo "A match was found.";
} else {
echo "A match was not found.";
}
?>`

Example#2 Find the word "web"

`<?php
/* The \b in the pattern indicates a word boundary, so only the distinct
* word "web" is matched, and not a word partial like "webbing" or "cobweb" */
if (preg_match("/\bweb\b/i", "PHP is the web scripting language of choice.")) {
echo "A match was found.";
} else {
echo "A match was not found.";
}
if (preg_match("/\bweb\b/i", "PHP is the website scripting language of choice.")) {
echo "A match was found.";
} else {
echo "A match was not found.";
}
?>`

Example#3 Getting the domain name out of a URL

`<?php
// get host name from URL
preg_match('@^(?:http://)?([^/]+)@i',
"http://www.php.net/index.html", $matches);
$host = $matches[1];
// get last two segments of host name
preg_match('/[^.]+\.[^.]+$/', $host, $matches);
echo "domain name is: {$matches[0]}\n";
?>`

The above example will output:

    domain name is: php.net

Example#4 Using named subpattern

`<?php
$str = 'foobar: 2008';
preg_match('/(?<name>\w+): (?<digit>\d+)/', $str, $matches);
print_r($matches);
?>`

The above example will output:

    Array
    (
        [0] => foobar: 2008
        [name] => foobar
        [1] => foobar
        [digit] => 2008
        [2] => 2008
    )

### Notes

Tip

Do not use preg_match() if you only want to check if one string is contained in another string. Use strpos() or strstr() instead as they will be faster.

### See Also

- preg_match_all()
- preg_replace()
- preg_split()

preg_match_all
preg_quote
PCRE Functions
PHP Manual